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Related Concept Videos

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
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Author Spotlight: Assessing the Olfactory Effects of Airborne Pollutants — Buried Food and Social Odor Tests
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Effect of Chronic Kidney Disease on Olfactory Function: A Case-Control Study.

T Yusuf1, Y R Raji2, A Daniel3

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, 107962University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.

Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal
|February 22, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients exhibit significant olfactory dysfunction, impacting their quality of life and increasing malnutrition risks. Early detection of impaired smell in CKD is crucial for better health outcomes.

Keywords:
Sniffin Sticks testchronic kidney diseasecorrelationolfactory function

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Otorhinolaryngology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Olfactory dysfunction is a common, often unrecognized, complication in chronic kidney disease (CKD).
  • Impaired sense of smell in CKD patients can lead to malnutrition, affecting recovery and quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate olfactory function in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
  • To identify the specific patterns of olfactory dysfunction in CKD patients.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, hospital-based case-control study involving 100 CKD patients and 100 healthy controls.
  • Olfactory threshold (OT), odor discrimination (OD), and odor identification (OI) were assessed using the

Main Results:

  • CKD patients demonstrated significantly lower mean olfactory scores compared to controls (P < .001 for all measures).
  • A high prevalence of olfactory dysfunction was observed in 77% of CKD patients (72% hyposmia, 5% anosmia) versus 16% in controls.
  • The study indicated a more pronounced affectation of the central olfactory pathway in CKD patients.

Conclusions:

  • Olfactory dysfunction is highly prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
  • The findings suggest that olfactory impairment in CKD primarily affects the central olfactory pathways.