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Alcohol, self-focus and complex reaction-time performance.

D F Ross1, R O Pihl

  • 1Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Journal of Studies on Alcohol
|March 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Alcohol

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Social Psychology

Background:

  • Alcohol consumption and its effects on cognitive performance are widely studied.
  • Self-awareness, both state and trait, can influence behavior and cognitive tasks.
  • Expectancy effects play a significant role in how individuals perceive and react to alcohol.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the combined effects of alcohol, expectancy, and public self-focus on complex reaction-time performance.
  • To examine how trait self-consciousness moderates the impact of alcohol and expectancy on performance.
  • To explore the interplay between subjective intoxication, beliefs about alcohol consumption, and situational demands.

Main Methods:

  • A modified balanced-placebo design (2 expectancy x 2 dose) was employed.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Public self-awareness was manipulated (normal vs. high).
  • Trait self-consciousness was assessed using self-consciousness scales and analyzed via median split.

    • Main Results:

    • Task performance was influenced by an interaction between subjective intoxication, expectancy, and situational salience.
    • Public self-consciousness mediated the expression of expectancies related to drunken behavior.
    • Alcohol, expectancy, and self-focus interacted to affect complex reaction-time performance.

    Conclusions:

    • Drunken comportment is best explained by an interactive model considering alcohol's effects, individual expectancies, and self-awareness.
    • Public self-consciousness is a key factor in how alcohol expectancies manifest behaviorally.
    • Future research should consider these interactive effects in understanding alcohol's impact on performance.