Primary liposarcoma of the mediastinum in a child

A case of primary anterior mediastinal liposarcoma occurring in a child is reported. A 5-year-old male child complained of exertional dyspnea and left chestpain. The chest roentgenogram showed a complete opacity of the left pleural space. After thoracotomy, the histological examination revealed mediastinal myxoid-pleomorphic liposarcoma. Surgical resection was performed and chemotherapy was given; 10 months later a recurrence was noted in the mediastinum. The child died 17 months after establishing the diagnosis.