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A Web-Based Computer-Tailored Program to Improve Treatment Adherence in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Randomized
Stan Vluggen1, Math Candel2, Ciska Hoving1
1Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.
Journal of Medical Internet Research
|February 23, 2021
Summary
This study shows an eHealth program significantly improved overall treatment adherence for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. The intervention led to better adherence to healthy lifestyles and medical treatments.
Area of Science:
- Digital Health Interventions
- Chronic Disease Management
- Behavioral Medicine
Background:
- Suboptimal adherence to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treatment behaviors is a significant challenge.
- Nonadherence often spans multiple treatment behaviors, including lifestyle and medication.
- eHealth programs offer a promising avenue for improving adherence in T2DM management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effectiveness of a computer-tailored eHealth program designed to enhance treatment adherence in patients with T2DM.
- To assess the impact of the eHealth intervention on multiple adherence behaviors within a randomized controlled trial framework.
Main Methods:
- A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 478 T2DM patients, comparing a 6-month eHealth program intervention group to a waiting-list control group.
- Outcome measures included physical activity, unhealthy snack intake, and adherence to oral hypoglycemic agents and insulin therapy.
- Mixed linear regression analyses were used to determine the intervention's effect on overall and specific treatment adherence behaviors.
Main Results:
- The eHealth intervention group showed a significant improvement in overall treatment adherence compared to the control group (Cohen's d=0.27, P=.03).
- A significant reduction in caloric intake from unhealthy snacks was observed in the intervention group (d=0.36, P=.002).
- No significant changes were found for adherence to physical activity, oral hypoglycemic agents, or insulin therapy.
Conclusions:
- The developed multibehavior eHealth program effectively improved overall treatment adherence in T2DM patients.
- Wide-scale implementation of this eHealth intervention is recommended to maximize its personal, societal, and economic benefits.
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