Effectiveness of convalescent plasma in Indian patients with COVID-19

Sandeep Budhiraja1, Arun Dewan2, Ritesh Aggarwal2

  • 1Clinical Directorate, Max Healthcare, New Delhi, India; Institute of Internal Medicine, Max Healthcare, New Delhi, India.

Insights

Convalescent plasma (CP) reduced mortality in elderly, ICU-admitted COVID-19 patients, especially those with comorbidities or requiring ventilation. This treatment showed significant benefits for older females needing respiratory support.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Convalescent plasma (CP) is an emerging treatment for hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
  • Existing evidence on CP's efficacy in reducing COVID-19 mortality remains inconclusive.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of CP on 28-day mortality in COVID-19 patients.
  • To identify specific patient subgroups that may benefit from CP therapy.

Main Methods:

  • A multi-center, retrospective case-control observational study involving 1079 adult COVID-19 patients.
  • Comparison of mortality rates between patients receiving CP plus supportive care and those receiving supportive care alone.
  • Analysis stratified by patient demographics, disease severity, and ventilation status.

Main Results:

  • Overall mortality was not significantly different between groups (18.5% vs 22.4%).
  • CP significantly reduced mortality in ICU-admitted patients (25.5% vs 33.2%), particularly in those aged 60-74 years, females, patients with comorbidities, and those requiring mechanical ventilation.
  • Mortality reduction was most pronounced in patients on invasive mechanical ventilation (37.2% vs 49.3%).

Conclusions:

  • CP use is associated with reduced mortality in elderly, ICU-admitted COVID-19 patients (≥60 years).
  • Benefits were particularly noted in females, patients with comorbidities, and those requiring ventilation.
  • CP may be a valuable therapeutic option for specific high-risk COVID-19 patient populations.
Abstract