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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

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Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

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Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

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Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

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Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
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Migration00:53

Migration

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Migration is long-range, seasonal movement from one region or habitat to another. This common strategy, carried out by many different organisms around the world, is an adaptive response that typically corresponds to changes in an organism’s environment, like resource availability or climate. Migrations can involve huge groups of thousands of animals as well as single individuals traveling alone and can range from thousands of kilometers to just a few hundred meters.
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Related Experiment Video

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An Experimental Model to Study Tuberculosis-Malaria Coinfection upon Natural Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Plasmodium berghei
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Mycobacterium bovis Infection in Free-Ranging African Elephants.

Michele A Miller, Tanya J Kerr, Candice R de Waal

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    Two African elephants (Loxodonta africana) in South Africa were incidentally diagnosed with Mycobacterium bovis infection, commonly known as bovine tuberculosis. This highlights potential risks in wildlife and implications for disease management in endemic areas.

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    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Medicine
    • Wildlife Health
    • Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Mycobacterium bovis causes bovine tuberculosis, a significant zoonotic disease affecting wildlife globally.
    • While M. bovis is documented in various wildlife, cases in captive elephants are rare.
    • African elephants (Loxodonta africana) inhabit diverse ecosystems, including tuberculosis-endemic regions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To report and analyze two incidental cases of M. bovis infection in free-ranging African elephants.
    • To discuss the epidemiological significance of bovine tuberculosis in elephants within a high-risk area.
    • To inform disease surveillance and management strategies for M. bovis in wildlife populations.

    Main Methods:

    • Case description of two free-ranging African elephants diagnosed with M. bovis.
    • Analysis of diagnostic findings and epidemiological context within a South African national park.
    • Review of existing literature on M. bovis in elephantids and wildlife.

    Main Results:

    • Two incidental cases of M. bovis infection were confirmed in African elephants.
    • The infections occurred in a national park known to be endemic for bovine tuberculosis.
    • The findings suggest elephants can be susceptible to M. bovis in their natural habitat.

    Conclusions:

    • Bovine tuberculosis poses a potential threat to African elephant populations in endemic regions.
    • Incidental infections in elephants warrant further investigation into transmission dynamics and host-pathogen interactions.
    • Effective wildlife disease management plans must consider the role of elephants in M. bovis epidemiology.