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COVID-19 cardiac injury and the use of colchicine
Vanesa Anton-Vazquez1, Laura Byrne2, Lisa Anderson3
1Infection Care Group, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK v.anton-vazquez@nhs.net.
Insights
This case report details a COVID-19 patient with severe cardiac injury, presenting with shortness of breath and chest pain. Colchicine treatment led to rapid clinical improvement, suggesting a potential therapeutic role.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pulmonology
Background:
- COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) can cause multi-organ involvement, including cardiac complications.
- Cardiac injury is a significant concern in patients with SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) infection.
- Early identification and management of cardiac manifestations in COVID-19 are crucial.
Observation:
- A 46-year-old male presented with fever and shortness of breath due to COVID-19.
- Initial ECG showed sinus tachycardia with ventricular extrasystoles and anterior T-wave inversion.
- Elevated cardiac biomarkers (Troponin T, NT-proBNP) and severely reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (30%) were noted.
- The patient experienced clinical deterioration with chest pain and respiratory failure 11 days post-symptom onset.
Findings:
- SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed via nasopharyngeal swab.
- Treatment with colchicine (0.5 mg 8-hourly) resulted in rapid clinical resolution of cardiac and respiratory symptoms.
- This case highlights cardiac injury as a potentially dominant feature of COVID-19.
Implications:
- Colchicine therapy demonstrated efficacy in resolving severe COVID-19-associated cardiac injury and respiratory failure.
- Further research is warranted to investigate the anti-inflammatory role of colchicine in mitigating myocardial and lung damage in COVID-19.
- This case suggests colchicine as a potential therapeutic option for managing cardiac complications in COVID-19 patients.
Abstract:
We report a case of cardiac injury in a 46-year-old man affected by COVID-19. The patient presented with shortness of breath and fever. ECG revealed sinus tachycardia with ventricular extrasystoles and T-wave inversion in anterior leads. Troponin T and N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide were elevated. Transthoracic echocardiography showed severely reduced systolic function with an estimated left ventricle ejection fraction of 30%. A nasopharingeal swab was positive for SARS-CoV-2. On day 6, 11 days after onset of symptoms, the patient deteriorated clinically with new chest pain and type 1 respiratory failure. Treatment with colchicine 0.5 mg 8-hourly resulted in rapid clinical resolution. This case report highlights how cardiac injury can dominate the clinical picture in COVID-19 infection. The role of colchicine therapy should be further studied to determine its usefulness in reducing myocardial and possibly lung parenchymal inflammatory responses.
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