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Updated: Nov 16, 2025

Orthotopic Transplantation of Syngeneic Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells to Study PD-L1 Expression
Published on: January 19, 2019
Understanding the impact of immune-mediated selection on lung cancer evolution
Rachel Rosenthal1,2, Charles Swanton3,4,5, Nicholas McGranahan4,6
1Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK. rachel.rosenthal@crick.ac.uk.
Abstract:
Understanding how a tumour evolves and avoids immune recognition is paramount to improving cancer immunotherapy and patient outcome. Here we examine our recent integration of multi-region genomic, transcriptomic, epigenomic, pathology, and clinical data, highlight the need for a systematic examination of immune escape mechanisms, and discuss implications for immunotherapy approaches.
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