Optimizing Multivitamin Supplementation for Sleeve Gastrectomy Patients

Micronutrient deficiencies are frequently reported after sleeve gastrectomy (SG), and therefore lifelong daily multivitamin supplementation is highly recommended. Based on literature and the results of a previous randomized controlled trial, a specialized multivitamin supplement for SG patients was further optimized (WLS Optimum 2.0, FitForMe). The present study reports on its short-term effectiveness.

An open-label study was performed in which 76 patients were included to receive WLS Optimum 2.0 for 12 months (Opt 2.0 group). This group was compared with a group of 75 patients that had received WLS Optimum 1.0 for 12 months during a previous study (Opt 1.0 group).

Intention-to-treat analysis (Opt 1.0, n = 69; Opt 2.0, n = 75) showed higher serum levels of vitamin B12, vitamin B6, and zinc, and a lower prevalence of deficiencies for vitamin B12 and phosphate in the Opt 2.0 group. MCV and serum folic acid levels were higher in the Opt 1.0 group. Over the 12-month study period, mean increase in serum levels of phosphate, vitamin B6, and zinc was higher in the Opt 2.0 group, and MCV and serum vitamin D levels increased more in the Opt 1.0 group.

The present study showed that the use of a specialized multivitamin supplement for SG patients is effective at preventing deficiencies for most vitamins and minerals, specifically in compliant patients. However, a strict follow-up regime remains necessary to monitor nutritional status and to improve patient compliance.