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Related Experiment Video

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Advanced Diffusion Imaging in The Hippocampus of Rats with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
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Neurocognitive Outcomes and Their Diffusion Tensor Imaging Correlates in Children With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.

Priyanka Madaan1,2, Deepak Gupta3, Deepak Agrawal3

  • 1Child Neurology Division, Center of Excellence & Advanced Research on Childhood Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Department of Pediatrics, 29751All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Journal of Child Neurology
|February 24, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Children with mild traumatic brain injury show persistent neurocognitive deficits and behavioral issues three months post-injury. Diffusion tensor imaging reveals correlations between white matter integrity and cognitive function in pediatric mild traumatic brain injury patients.

Keywords:
DTIchildrenconcussionoutcometraumatic brain injury

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Neuroimaging
  • Neuropsychology

Background:

  • Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in children can lead to subtle but significant neurocognitive and behavioral impairments.
  • Understanding the long-term effects and underlying neurobiological changes in pediatric mTBI is crucial for effective management.
  • Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) offers insights into white matter integrity, which may be affected by brain injury.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate neurocognitive outcomes in children aged 6-16 years, three months after experiencing mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).
  • To investigate the relationship between diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) findings and neurocognitive performance in pediatric mTBI.
  • To identify common post-concussion symptoms and behavioral changes in children following mTBI.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective analysis of 74 children (aged 6-16) with mTBI.
  • Neurocognitive assessment using Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Indian adaptation (WISC-IV), Child Behavior Checklist, and Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire at 3 months post-injury.
  • Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) performed within 7 days of injury, correlated with WISC-IV indices.

Main Results:

  • Children with mTBI demonstrated poorer performance in Intelligence Quotient, perceptual reasoning, and processing speed compared to controls at 3 months.
  • Internalizing behavioral problems (17% vs 4%) and sleep disturbances (12.3% vs 2%) were more prevalent in the mTBI group.
  • A positive correlation was found between right uncinate fasciculus fractional anisotropy and verbal comprehension index (r=0.32, P<.05).

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric mild traumatic brain injury is associated with persistent neurocognitive deficits and increased behavioral and sleep problems.
  • Diffusion tensor imaging findings, specifically white matter integrity in the right uncinate fasciculus, correlate with cognitive function.
  • Early neuroimaging and comprehensive neurocognitive/behavioral assessments are important for managing children with mTBI.