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Related Concept Videos

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview01:09

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When electromagnetic radiation passes through a material, atoms or molecules transition from a lower to a higher energy state by absorbing radiation corresponding to the energy difference between the two states. The absorption of infrared (IR) radiation causes transitions between vibrational energy levels in a molecule. Therefore, IR spectroscopy is a useful analytical tool for determining the molecular structure of molecules.
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IR Spectrum01:19

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When infrared (IR) radiation passes through a molecule, the bonds stretch or bend by absorbing the radiation. This absorption creates the molecule's absorption spectrum, which is the plot of its percentage transmittance versus wavenumber.
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Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to study the composition of materials. It is widely employed in chemistry, materials science, forensic science, and other fields where sample characterization is required. ATR has several advantages over traditional transmission IR spectroscopy, including the requirement of little to no sample preparation and the ability to analyze a wide range of samples.
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UV–Vis Spectroscopy of Conjugated Systems01:32

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Organic compounds with conjugated double bonds show strong absorption features in the UV–visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum attributed to π → π* electronic excitations. Generally, a UV–vis absorption spectrum is recorded as a plot of absorbance vs wavelength. The wavelength of maximum absorbance, which manifests as a peak in the absorption spectrum, is denoted as λmax.
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Applications of IR Spectroscopy: Overview01:11

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The non-destructive nature and ability to provide valuable chemical information make IR spectroscopy a versatile technique with broad applications in various scientific and industrial fields. IR spectroscopy is commonly used to identify and characterize organic and inorganic compounds. It provides information about the functional groups present in a molecule and the bonding between atoms. This helps in the structural elucidation of compounds during organic synthesis, pharmaceutical research,...
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IR Spectrometers01:25

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There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
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Beyond the Visible: Bioinspired Infrared Adaptive Materials.

Jiajia Yang1, Xinfang Zhang1,2, Xuan Zhang1

  • 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|February 24, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Researchers are developing bioinspired infrared (IR) adaptive materials for camouflage and cooling. These advanced materials mimic nature, offering potential for smart technologies and energy efficiency.

Keywords:
bioinspired adaptive materialscamouflageinfrared radiationradiative coolingsoft robotics

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biomimicry
  • Optics

Background:

  • Infrared (IR) adaptation is common in nature.
  • Bio-inspired materials leverage natural IR adaptation for technological applications.
  • Existing research focuses on IR camouflage, thermal management, and biomedical uses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in bioinspired IR adaptive materials.
  • To explore their applications in camouflage, radiative cooling, and near-IR technologies.
  • To provide a perspective on future challenges and opportunities.

Main Methods:

  • Overview of natural IR adaptation and artificial IR technologies.
  • Discussion of bioinspired materials for IR camouflage and radiative cooling.
  • Exploration of near-IR (NIR) applications, including soft robotics and nanosystems.

Main Results:

  • Bioinspired materials offer novel approaches to IR camouflage via emissivity engineering and thermal cloaks.
  • IR radiative cooling using bioinspired materials can enhance energy efficiency in buildings and personal thermal management.
  • Emerging NIR applications demonstrate potential in biological technologies, soft robotics, and supramolecular systems.

Conclusions:

  • Bioinspired IR adaptive materials represent a rapidly advancing field with diverse applications.
  • Further research is needed to overcome challenges and unlock the full potential of these materials.
  • Future developments promise innovations in camouflage, energy management, and advanced technological systems.