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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 16, 2025

Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks

Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks

Published on: September 5, 2014

Amine-Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks as a Platform for Postsynthetic Structure Interconversion and Pore-Wall

Lars Grunenberg^1,2, Gökcen Savasci^1,2,3, Maxwell W Terban¹

¹Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|February 24, 2021

Summary

Researchers developed a new method to create amine-linked covalent organic frameworks (COFs). These advanced materials offer tunable properties and enhanced stability for applications in catalysis.

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Microfluidic-based Synthesis of Covalent Organic Frameworks COFs: A Tool for Continuous Production of COF Fibers and Direct Printing on a Surface

Microfluidic-based Synthesis of Covalent Organic Frameworks COFs: A Tool for Continuous Production of COF Fibers and Direct Printing on a Surface

Published on: July 10, 2017

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Organic Chemistry
Polymer Chemistry

Background:

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are crystalline polymers with tunable properties.
Existing COF synthesis methods have limitations in functionalization and stability.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel strategy for directly synthesizing amine-linked COFs.
To enable pore-wall modification and linkage interconversion in COFs.
To create COFs with enhanced hydrolytic stability for catalytic applications.

Main Methods:

Utilized Leuckart-Wallach reduction with formic acid and ammonium formate.
Employed a one-pot crystallization-reduction approach.
Synthesized amine-linked COFs (rPI-3-COF, rTTI-COF, rPy1P-COF) from imine-linked precursors or linkers.

Main Results:

Achieved direct synthesis of amine-linked COFs with high crystallinity and large surface areas.
Generated frameworks with secondary amine linkages, mixed amine/imine bonds, and formylated amine linkages.
Demonstrated postsynthetic functionalization of pore walls via secondary amines.

Conclusions:

The new method provides access to versatile amine-linked COFs.
These COFs exhibit improved hydrolytic stability and potential as heterogeneous catalysts.
The strategy allows for tailored functionalization for specific applications.