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Dietary diversity modifies the association between FTO polymorphisms and obesity phenotypes
Golnoosh Goodarzi1, Firoozeh Hosseini-Esfahani1, Asal Ataie-Jafari2
1Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition
|February 25, 2021
Summary
Dietary diversity score (DDS) interacts with FTO gene variants to influence obesity markers. Higher DDS may mitigate genetic predisposition to obesity, particularly for carriers of specific FTO polymorphisms.
Area of Science:
- Genetics and Nutritional Epidemiology
- Obesity Research
- Human Physiology
Background:
- Obesity is a complex condition influenced by genetic and environmental factors.
- FTO gene polymorphisms are strongly associated with obesity risk.
- Dietary diversity is recognized as a key component of a healthy diet.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the interaction between dietary diversity score (DDS) and FTO gene polymorphisms in relation to obesity phenotypes.
- To determine if DDS modifies the effect of FTO variants on obesity markers.
- To explore the potential role of dietary patterns in mediating obesity risk in genetically susceptible individuals.
Main Methods:
- A cohort study involving 4480 subjects.
- Genotyping of FTO polymorphisms (rs1121980, rs14211085, rs8050136).
- Calculation of a weighted genetic risk score (GRS).
- Assessment of obesity markers and their changes in relation to DDS quartiles and genotypes.
Main Results:
- Minor allele carriers of rs1121980 showed reduced changes in body mass index and visceral adiposity index (VAI) with higher DDS (P interaction=0.05).
- Carriers of the minor allele of rs8050136 exhibited significant VAI changes across DDS quartiles (P interaction=0.05).
- No significant interaction was observed between the GRS and DDS concerning general obesity.
Conclusions:
- Dietary diversity may play a mediating role in improving obesity markers.
- Individuals with a genetic predisposition to adiposity might benefit from increased dietary diversity.
- Targeted dietary interventions could be valuable for managing obesity in genetically susceptible populations.
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