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Application of Bionanomaterials in Tumor Immune Microenvironment Therapy
Jiawei Wang1,2, Yan Bao2, Yandan Yao1,2
1Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
Abstract:
Targeted therapy for the cancer immune system has become a clinical reality with remarkable success. Immune checkpoint blockade therapy and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) immunotherapy are clinically effective in a variety of cancers. However, the clinical utility of immunotherapy in cancer is limited by severe off-target toxicity, long processing time, limited efficacy, and extremely high cost. Bionanomaterials combined with these therapies address these issues by enhancing immune regulation, integrating the synergistic effects of different molecules, and, most importantly, targeting and manipulating immune cells within the tumor. In this review, we will summarize the most current researches on bionanomaterials for targeted regulation of tumor-associated macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, dendritic cells, T lymphocyte cells, and cancer-associated fibroblasts and summarize the prospects and challenges of cell-targeted therapy and clinical translational potential in a tumor immune microenvironment in cancer treatment.
Insights
Bionanomaterials enhance cancer immunotherapy by targeting specific immune cells, addressing limitations like toxicity and cost. This approach offers a promising future for personalized cancer treatment strategies.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Nanotechnology
- Biomaterials Science
Background:
- Cancer immunotherapy, including immune checkpoint blockade and CAR-T therapy, shows success but faces challenges such as toxicity, cost, and limited efficacy.
- Bionanomaterials offer a novel approach to overcome these limitations by improving immune regulation and enabling targeted delivery within the tumor microenvironment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current research on bionanomaterials for targeted manipulation of immune cells within the tumor microenvironment.
- To explore the potential of bionanomaterials in regulating tumor-associated macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, dendritic cells, T lymphocytes, and cancer-associated fibroblasts.
- To summarize the prospects, challenges, and clinical translational potential of cell-targeted bionanomaterial therapies in cancer treatment.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent studies on bionanomaterials in cancer immunotherapy.
- Analysis of research focusing on targeted regulation of specific immune cell populations (TAMs, MDSCs, DCs, T cells, CAFs).
- Synthesis of findings regarding the therapeutic benefits and limitations of bionanomaterial-based cell targeting.
Main Results:
- Bionanomaterials can enhance immunotherapy by improving immune cell targeting and function within the tumor.
- Targeted manipulation of immune cells like macrophages and T cells using bionanomaterials shows potential for synergistic therapeutic effects.
- Current research highlights the ability of bionanomaterials to address toxicity, processing time, and efficacy issues in cancer immunotherapy.
Conclusions:
- Bionanomaterials represent a significant advancement in developing targeted cancer immunotherapies.
- Further research and clinical translation are needed to fully realize the potential of bionanomaterial-based cell-targeted therapies.
- This approach holds promise for overcoming existing immunotherapy challenges and improving patient outcomes in various cancers.
Related Concept Videos
01:27Tumor Immunotherapy
02:17The Tumor Microenvironment