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Updated: Nov 16, 2025
Author Spotlight: Studying the Impact of Maternal Dietary Deficiencies on Long-Term Offspring Health Outcomes
Published on: June 28, 2024
Effect of Mediterranean diet for pregnant women: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Yuan Zhang1, Min Xia1, Shuangyan Weng1
1Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, P.R. China.
Introduction:
Mediterranean diet might be a promising approach to prevent gestational diabetes mellitus. However, the results remained controversial. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the effect of Mediterranean diet on gestational diabetes mellitus.
Methods:
PubMed, EMbase, Web of science, EBSCO, and Cochrane library databases were systematically searched. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of Mediterranean diet on gestational diabetes mellitus were included. Meta-analysis was performed using random-effect model.
Results:
Four RCTs involving 2277 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, compared with control intervention for pregnant women, Mediterranean diet was associated with reduced incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (OR = 0.66; 95% CI = 0.52 to 0.82; p = .0003) and gestational weight gain (SMD = -0.15; 95% CI = -0.26 to -0.05; p = .004), but had no obvious effect on preeclampsia (OR = 1.04; 95% CI = 0.52-2.11; p = .91), preterm delivery (OR = 0.55; 95% CI = 0.20-1.55; p = .26) or neonatal unit (OR = 0.71; 95% CI = 0.43-1.19; p = .19).
Conclusions:
Mediterranean diet may be effective to prevent gestational diabetes mellitus.
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