Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 16, 2025
Transforaminal Full-Endoscopic Lumbar Foraminotomy Under Local Anesthesia for L5/S1 Adjacent Segment Foraminal Stenosis
Published on: October 17, 2025
A Systematic Review of Procedural Complications from Transforaminal Lumbar Puncture for Intrathecal Nusinersen
A Grayev1, M Schoepp2, A Kuner2
1From the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WisconsinFrom the School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin. agrayev@uwhealth.org.
Background:
Spinal muscular atrophy is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that can be treated with intrathecal antisense oligonucleotide therapy (nusinersen). However, administration is often complicated by posterior spinal fusion and neuromuscular scoliosis, necessitating a transforaminal approach.
Purpose:
To assess the safety profile of the transforaminal approach for intrathecal access.
Data Sources:
Searches of the PubMed, Web of Science, and SCOPUS databases.
Study Selection:
Thirteen articles were selected based on inclusion of transforaminal access and appropriate clinical information about the procedure.
Data Analysis:
Complications were taken from the included articles and aggregated based on Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiological Society of Europe scale adverse event grading.
Data Synthesis:
Total number of complications and grade of complications were analyzed, by year and in total.
Limitations:
Selection bias in publication, small patient population size, and variability of the procedure limits the available data.
Conclusions:
Transforaminal approach is a safe alternative for intrathecal access in patients with spinal muscular atrophy and may be applicable to a larger patient population.
