Mumps Antibody Titer in MMR-Vaccinated and Vaccine Naïve Children at a Public Hospital in Delhi
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Bhoomika Saxena1, V G Ramachandran2, Rumpa Saha2
1Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India. Correspondence to: Dr Bhoomika Saxena, 105, Gaytri Nilaya, 12th B Main Road, 6th Block, Rajajinagar, Bengaluru 560 010, Karnataka, India. bhoomika286@gmail.com.
Insights
A single dose of the Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR) vaccine may not provide sufficient protection against mumps. Many vaccinated children and most unvaccinated children lacked protective mumps antibody titers.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Vaccinology
- Pediatrics
Background:
- The Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR) vaccine is crucial for preventing communicable diseases.
- Assessing vaccine effectiveness is vital for public health strategies and outbreak prevention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare mumps antibody titers between children who received the MMR vaccine and those who are unvaccinated.
- To evaluate the seroprotective levels against mumps in a pediatric population.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 78 healthy children aged 16 months to 12 years was conducted.
- ELISA was used to measure rubella antibodies for MMR vaccination status confirmation.
- Mumps IgG antibodies were qualitatively and quantitatively determined.
Main Results:
- Overall, 69.2% of children had detectable IgG mumps antibodies, with 32% achieving seroprotective titers (1:4).
- Among MMR-vaccinated children, 41.1% were seroprotected against mumps.
- Only 9.1% of MMR vaccine-naïve children demonstrated seroprotection for mumps.
Conclusions:
- A single dose of the MMR vaccine appears insufficient to achieve the high seroconversion rates (>90%) needed for herd immunity against mumps.
- The findings suggest a potential gap in mumps protection within the vaccinated population, raising concerns for outbreak prevention.
Objective:
To compare the mumps antibody titers in Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR)-vaccinated and vaccine naive children.
Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary-care public hospital in Delhi from November, 2016 to April, 2018 among 78 healthy children (aged 16 month-12 years) attending the pediatric outpatient department. Serum IgG and IgM rubella antibodies were measured by ELISA for confirmation of MMR vaccination status. Qualitative determination of IgG mumps was done followed by quantitative determination in samples positive for IgG mumps antibodies.
Results:
IgG mumps was present in 69.2% of study population, with seroprotective titers in 32% taking endpoint titer as 1:4. Among MMR vaccinated children, 41.1% were sero-protected and in MMR vaccine naïve children 9.1% were seroprotected for mumps.
Conclusion:
Single dose of MMR vaccine does not provide effective (>90%) sero-conversion required for successful herd immunity to prevent mumps outbreak.
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