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Related Concept Videos

Esophageal Strictures-II: Clinical Features and Management01:26

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Patients with esophageal strictures often experience a range of symptoms. Initially, they may have difficulty swallowing solid foods, which can progress to include liquids. Additional symptoms may involve chest pain or discomfort, regurgitating food and fluids, heartburn, unintentional weight loss, coughing or choking during meals, and hoarseness.
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Enteral nutrition encompasses various methods of delivering nutrition directly to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, bypassing traditional oral intake. It is particularly beneficial for patients who cannot eat by mouth but have a functioning digestive system. Key methods include nasointestinal feeding, gastrostomy, and jejunostomy, each suited to different clinical scenarios based on the patient's needs and condition.
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An Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is a diagnostic procedure in which an endoscopist uses a flexible, lighted endoscope to visualize the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The procedure includes visualizing the oropharynx, esophagus, stomach, and the first part of the small intestine, the duodenum.
During an EGD, the endoscope can be used to:
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Barrett Esophagus-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:21

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Individuals with Barrett's esophagus are often asymptomatic, but they may experience symptoms commonly associated with GERD, such as heartburn and acid regurgitation. Additional symptoms can include difficulty swallowing, chest pain, unintentional weight loss, blood in the stool (which may appear black, tarry, or bloody), and episodes of vomiting.
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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease II: Clinical Features and Management01:29

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Gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD, is a persistent medical condition that affects many individuals worldwide. Its clinical manifestations can vary greatly, making diagnosis and management challenging for healthcare professionals. The following is a comprehensive overview of the clinical manifestations, assessment, and management strategies for GERD.
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Gustation, or the sense of taste, is intrinsically linked to the anatomical structures located on the tongue. This organ's surface, along with the entirety of the oral cavity, is adorned with stratified squamous epithelium. Evident on the tongue are elevated structures known as papillae (singular = papilla), which house the mechanisms for the transduction of gustatory stimuli. Four distinct types of papillae exist, each identified by their unique morphological attributes: the circumvallate,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 16, 2025

Adapting Human Videofluoroscopic Swallow Study Methods to Detect and Characterize Dysphagia in Murine Disease Models
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Adapting Human Videofluoroscopic Swallow Study Methods to Detect and Characterize Dysphagia in Murine Disease Models

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[Approach of Dysphagia].

Moo In Park1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.

The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology = Taehan Sohwagi Hakhoe Chi
|February 26, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Dysphagia, or difficulty swallowing, is common and increasing. Differentiating oropharyngeal from esophageal dysphagia is crucial for timely diagnosis and preventing complications like aspiration pneumonia.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Otolaryngology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Dysphagia is a prevalent condition, with reported increases in Korea.
  • Dysphagia is broadly categorized into oropharyngeal and esophageal types.
  • Distinguishing between oropharyngeal and esophageal dysphagia is critical for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the diagnostic approaches for oropharyngeal and esophageal dysphagia.
  • To emphasize the importance of early diagnosis in preventing complications.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical presentation analysis for oropharyngeal dysphagia symptoms (difficulty initiating swallow, coughing, choking).
  • Detailed patient history to characterize esophageal dysphagia (food consistency, progression, associated symptoms).
Keywords:
DiagnosisDysphagiaEsophagusOropharynxSwa

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  • Diagnostic pathway including barium esophagogram, upper endoscopy, and esophageal manometry based on suspected etiology.

    • Main Results:

    • Oropharyngeal dysphagia presents with immediate swallowing difficulty and potential aspiration risks.
    • Esophageal dysphagia involves delayed swallowing sensation and requires detailed symptom analysis.
    • Diagnostic testing is guided by clinical suspicion, prioritizing endoscopy for structural issues and manometry for motility disorders.

    Conclusions:

    • Accurate differentiation of dysphagia type is essential for appropriate and timely intervention.
    • Early diagnosis of oropharyngeal dysphagia can prevent severe outcomes like aspiration pneumonia.
    • A systematic diagnostic approach based on medical history and symptomology guides the effective evaluation of esophageal dysphagia.