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Acute Kidney Injury and Pediatric Bone Health

Anisha Hegde1, Michelle R Denburg2, Dorey A Glenn3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina Hospitals, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.

Frontiers in Pediatrics
|February 26, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Acute kidney injury (AKI) can disrupt mineral metabolism, potentially harming bone health in children and adolescents. This review explores AKI

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Skeletal Biology

Background:

  • Acute kidney injury (AKI) affects multiple organ systems.
  • Mineral metabolism is frequently dysregulated in AKI, involving calcium, phosphate, vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, FGF-23, and klotho.
  • The skeletal consequences of AKI in pediatric populations are understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiology of mineral metabolism dysregulation in AKI.
  • To explore the potential effects of these alterations on skeletal health in children and adolescents.
  • To examine the association between AKI and fracture risk.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing data.
  • Discussion of the pathophysiology of mineral and bone disorders in AKI.
  • Analysis of studies linking AKI to skeletal outcomes.

Main Results:

  • AKI is linked to significant alterations in mineral metabolism.
  • These metabolic changes may negatively impact bone development and health in young individuals.
  • Evidence suggests a potential association between AKI and increased fracture risk.

Conclusions:

  • Dysregulated mineral metabolism in AKI poses a risk to skeletal health in pediatric patients.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the skeletal effects of AKI in children and adolescents.
  • Understanding these links may inform strategies to mitigate bone complications in AKI survivors.

Keywords:
AKIfibroblast growth factor 23inflammationklothomineralparathyroid hormoneskeletonvitamin D

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