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General Structure of a Vertebra01:30

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A typical vertebra, with the exception of the sacrum and coccyx, consists of a body, a vertebral arch, and seven different projections termed processes. The anterior portion of the vertebrae, the body, supports about half the body’s weight. The vertebral bodies progressively increase in size and thickness from the cervical region to the lumbar region of the vertebral column. The intervertebral discs present between the bodies of adjacent vertebrae firmly unites them, forming a continuous...
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The vertebral column or spine is a flexible column that supports the head, neck, and body and  allows for their movements. It also protects the spinal cord.
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Updated: Nov 16, 2025

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Degenerative spondylolisthesis I: general principles.

C L García-Ramos1, J Valenzuela-González2, V B Baeza-Álvarez1

  • 1Research Coordination. Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación «Dr. Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra». Av. México-Xochimilco 289, C.P. 14389. Ciudad de México. México.

Acta Ortopedica Mexicana
|February 26, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis, a condition common in older women, involves vertebral slippage due to disc and facet joint degeneration. Diagnosis requires imaging, and treatment often starts with conservative measures like pain relief and physical therapy.

Keywords:
Degenerative spondyloslisthesislisthesislumbar spondylolisthesisspondylolisthesis

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Radiology
  • Physical Therapy

Background:

  • Lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis results from degenerative changes in the intervertebral disc and facet joints, leading to vertebral segment destabilization.
  • It is characterized by anterior vertebral body sliding, often classified as Wiltse type III, and predominantly affects elderly women.
  • The L4-L5 segment is most commonly affected, with slippage typically not exceeding 30%.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis, its characteristics, and diagnostic approaches.
  • To outline the typical clinical presentation and conservative management strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive evaluation involving static and dynamic radiographic studies in a standing position.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for detailed assessment.

Main Results:

  • The cardinal symptom is lumbar pain, potentially with radicular pain; neurogenic claudication affects 75% of patients.
  • Clinical manifestations' severity does not always correlate with the degree of vertebral slippage.
  • Conservative treatment, including analgesics, anti-inflammatories, and physiotherapy, is the primary therapeutic approach.

Conclusions:

  • Lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis is a common condition in the elderly, particularly women, with varied clinical presentations.
  • Accurate diagnosis relies on a combination of radiographic and MRI evaluations.
  • Conservative management forms the cornerstone of initial treatment for this condition.