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Are prison-based therapeutic communities effective? Challenges and considerations.

Jade Richardson¹, Valentina Zini¹

¹HMP Grendon, Aylesbury, UK.

International Journal of Prisoner Health

|February 26, 2021

Summary

Her Majesty's Prison and Probation Service (HMPPS) Therapeutic Communities (TCs) show effectiveness in reducing reoffending and improving psychological health for offenders. Further research is needed, particularly for female offenders and hierarchical TCs.

Keywords:

Prison Prisoners Psychological health Recidivism Rehabilitation Women prisoners

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Area of Science:

Criminology
Psychology
Penal System Research

Background:

Therapeutic Communities (TCs) are established interventions for individuals with offending histories and personality disorders.
Recent literature reviews on the effectiveness of prison-based TCs, particularly within the Her Majesty's Prison and Probation Service (HMPPS), are limited.
Understanding the impact and efficacy of both democratic and hierarchical TCs in the UK is crucial for evidence-based practice.

Purpose of the Study:

To detail the impact and efficacy of Her Majesty's Prison and Probation Service (HMPPS) Therapeutic Communities (TCs).
To provide an up-to-date overview of prison-based TC treatment outcomes, highlighting strengths and challenges.
To identify trends and gaps in the current research literature on HMPPS TCs.

Main Methods:

A narrative literature review approach was employed.
The review focused on academic literature published predominantly from 2010 onwards.
Searches of relevant databases and contact with clinical leads at prison sites were used to gather literature.

Main Results:

Existing research demonstrates TCs are effective for offenders with personality difficulties, reducing reoffending rates.
Democratic TC treatment shows positive impacts on reducing reoffending and improving psychological features.
Gaps in research exist concerning female offenders and hierarchical TCs in the UK; aftercare may enhance outcomes.

Conclusions:

There is a lack of up-to-date reviews on HMPPS TC treatment impact and efficacy.
This paper offers an original overview of current UK TC practice within the HMPPS context.
Recommendations are provided for future research directions and considerations in TC treatment.