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Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer
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Thyroid cancer and its associated factors: A population-based case-control study.

Mohammad Taher Parad1, Mohammad Fararouei2, Ali Reza Mirahmadizadeh3

  • 1Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

International Journal of Cancer
|February 26, 2021
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Thyroid cancer risk factors identified include benign thyroid diseases, family history, and radiation exposure. Protective factors include high blood pressure, higher education, unsaturated fat intake, and being married.

Keywords:
case-control studyrisk factorsthyroid cancer

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Thyroid cancer (TC) incidence and mortality are rising globally.
  • Identifying risk factors is crucial for prevention and early diagnosis, especially in high-incidence regions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine risk factors for thyroid cancer in a high-incidence province in Southern Iran.
  • To identify both risk and protective factors for thyroid cancer development.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based case-control study involving 708 participants (361 cases, 347 controls).
  • Cases were sourced from the Iranian National Cancer Registry.
  • Controls were frequency-matched for age and gender and selected from the community.

Main Results:

  • Significant risk factors for TC included benign thyroid diseases (OR=14.06), family history of TC (OR=3.54), head radiation exposure (OR=1.92), family history of thyroid diseases (OR=1.76), and family history of other cancers (OR=1.67).
  • Protective factors identified were high blood pressure (OR=0.35), higher education (OR=0.54), unsaturated fat consumption (OR=0.59), and being married (OR=0.60).

Conclusions:

  • Benign thyroid diseases, family history, and radiation exposure are significant risk factors for thyroid cancer.
  • Public health interventions focusing on reducing radiation exposure and screening family members of those with thyroid diseases could aid in prevention and early detection.