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Published on: November 30, 2022
To Curb the Progression of Fatal COVID-19 Course-Dream or Reality
Szymon Price1, Radosław Targoński2, Janusz Sadowski1
1Miejski Szpital Zespolony w Olsztynie, Klinika Kardiologii i Chorób Wewnętrznych, Clinic of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Metropolitan Hospital of Nicolaus Copernicus, University of Warmia and Mazury, Niepodległości 44, 10-045, Olsztyn, Poland.
Purpose Of Review:
To analyze the impact of sodium retention states on the course of COVID-19 and propose possible interventions to curb disease progression.
Recent Findings:
Numerous data confirm a positive association of non-communicable diseases, aging, and other sodium-retaining states, including iatrogenic ones, with more severe sometimes fatal clinical course of COVID-19. Reasons for this effect could include increased angiotensin signaling via the AT1R receptor. The endothelial glycocalyx also plays an important role in infection, leading to a vicious cycle of inflammation and tissue sodium retention when damaged. RAS inhibitors may help restore glycocalyx function and prevent severe organ damage. Anticoagulants, especially heparin, may also have therapeutic applications due to antithrombotic, anti-inflammatory, glycocalyx-repairing, and antialdosteronic properties. The ambiguous influence of some diuretics on sodium balance was also discussed. Abnormal sodium storage and increased angiotensin-converting enzyme activity are related to the severity of COVID-19. Inducing sodium removal and reducing intake might improve outcomes.
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