Recent Advances in Nano-Bio-Sensing Fabrication Technology for the Detection of Oral Cancer

Nanotechnology-based miniaturized devices have been a breakthrough in the pre-clinical and clinical research areas, e.g. drug delivery, personalized medicine. They have revolutionized the discovery and development of biomarker-based diagnostic devices for detection of various diseases such as tuberculosis, malaria and cancer. Nanomaterials (NMs) hold tremendous diagnostic potential due to their high surface-to-volume ratio and quantum confinement phenomenon, improving the detection limit of clinically relevant biomolecules in bio-fluids. Thus, they are helpful in the translation of bench-on platform to point-of-care (POC) screening device. The nanomaterial-based biosensor fabrication technology has also simplified and improved oral cancer (OC) or oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) diagnosis. The fabrication of nano-bio sensors involves application specific modifications of NMs. The unique properties functionalized NMs have augmented their application on the nano-biosensing platform for the detection of clinically relevant biomolecules in bio-fluids. Therefore, this article summarizes the recent advancements in the process of fabrication of nano-biosensors for detection of OC.