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Updated: Nov 16, 2025
04:41
Knee Arthrocentesis in Adults
Published on: February 25, 2022
8.4K
Osteoarticular infection in children.
Benoit Coulin1, Giacomo Demarco1, Vanessa Spyropoulou1
1Pediatric Orthopedics Service, Geneva Children's Hospital, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.
The Bone & Joint Journal
|March 1, 2021
Summary
Kingella kingae is a primary cause of osteoarticular infections (OAIs) in young children, often presenting with subtle symptoms. Nucleic acid amplification tests are crucial for accurate diagnosis and improved detection rates.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
- Orthopedics
Background:
- Osteoarticular infections (OAIs) are significant pediatric conditions.
- Kingella kingae is an increasingly recognized pathogen in pediatric OAIs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the epidemiological, biological, and bacteriological features of K. kingae-associated OAIs in children.
- To highlight diagnostic challenges and propose improved detection methods.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of pediatric OAI cases over 13 years (2007-2019).
- Extraction and analysis of epidemiological, clinical, biological, and microbiological data for K. kingae OAIs.
- Review of imaging findings (MRI) for affected joints and bones.
Main Results:
- K. kingae was the leading cause of bacteriologically confirmed OAIs (48.7%) in the pediatric cohort.
- Peak incidence occurred in children aged 6–48 months, particularly 7–24 months.
- Patients often presented afebrile with mild inflammatory markers; elevated ESR was a key indicator. Arthritis (knee) and osteomyelitis (foot) were common MRI findings.
Conclusions:
- K. kingae is a primary pathogen for OAIs in children under 48 months.
- Diagnosis can be challenging due to mild clinical and biological inflammatory responses.
- Nucleic acid amplification assays, like PCR, are vital for improved detection and should be integrated into OAI diagnostic algorithms.
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