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Palatable Western-style Cafeteria Diet as a Reliable Method for Modeling Diet-induced Obesity in Rodents
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Western Diet Consumption During Development: Setting the Stage for Neurocognitive Dysfunction.

Linda Tsan1,2, Léa Décarie-Spain2, Emily E Noble3

  • 1Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Early life consumption of a Western diet (WD) negatively impacts cognitive development and function in rodent models. These long-lasting neurocognitive impairments are distinct from obesity and metabolic issues.

Keywords:
adolescentanxietycognitionhigh fat dietmemoryobesity

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Industrialized nations exhibit dietary shifts towards highly palatable, calorie-dense Western diets (WD).
  • WD consumption is linked to obesity, metabolic dysfunction, and cognitive deficits throughout life.
  • Early life exposure to WD exacerbates cognitive impairments in later adulthood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review rodent model research on the mechanisms linking early life WD consumption to long-term neurocognitive impairments.
  • To identify dietary, metabolic, and neurobiological pathways affected by early WD exposure.
  • To differentiate WD's cognitive effects from its metabolic consequences.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of rodent studies examining early life (gestation, lactation, juvenile, adolescence) WD consumption.
  • Analysis of studies investigating behavioral outcomes across multiple cognitive domains.
  • Examination of metabolic and neurobiological data associated with WD exposure.

Main Results:

  • Early life WD consumption is associated with lasting impairments in anxiety-like behavior, learning and memory, reward-motivated behavior, and social behavior.
  • Neurobiological and metabolic alterations mediate these cognitive deficits.
  • Cognitive impairments persist independently of obesity and metabolic dysfunction.

Conclusions:

  • Early life WD consumption induces persistent neurocognitive deficits in rodents.
  • These impairments are linked to specific dietary, metabolic, and neurobiological changes.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for mitigating long-term cognitive consequences of poor early nutrition.