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Related Concept Videos

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Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
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Moderately and Late Preterm Infants: Short- and Long-Term Outcomes From a Registry-Based Cohort.

Nikoletta Smyrni1, Maria Koutsaki2, Marianna Petra3

  • 1Second Department of Neurology, University General Hospital of Thessaloniki AHEPA, Thessaloniki, Greece.

Frontiers in Neurology
|March 1, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Low birth weight in moderately and late preterm infants with cerebral palsy (CP) is linked to neonatal complications. Most infants had bilateral spastic CP and white matter lesions, with poorer fine motor skills in late preterm infants needing NICU care.

Keywords:
cerebral palsycomplicationlate pretermlong term outcomemoderately pretermpremature birthshort term outcome

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Neurology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Cerebral palsy (CP) research often overlooks moderately (32 to <34 weeks gestational age) and late preterm infants (<37 weeks GA).
  • Recent attention is shifting towards understanding CP outcomes in these less-studied preterm populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the outcomes of moderately and late preterm infants diagnosed with CP.
  • To identify associations between birth weight, neonatal interventions, and CP characteristics in these groups.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of data from a population-based CP Registry.
  • Inclusion of 95 moderately preterm and 96 late preterm infants with CP.
  • Assessment of neonatal intensive care unit (N-ICU) admission, respiratory support, birth weight, neuroimaging, and motor function (Gross Motor Function Classification System [GMFCS] and Bayley Fine Motor Scale [BFMF]).

Main Results:

  • Moderately preterm infants with CP were more likely to require N-ICU admission and respiratory support.
  • Lower birth weight correlated with increased N-ICU admission, ventilator support, and fewer neonatal seizures in both groups.
  • Bilateral spastic CP and white matter lesions were prevalent; moderately preterm infants had higher rates of bilateral spastic CP.
  • Fine motor outcomes were worse in late preterm infants with a history of N-ICU admission and ventilator support.

Conclusions:

  • Low birth weight is a significant risk factor for early neonatal issues in moderately and late preterm infants with CP.
  • Bilateral spastic CP and white matter lesions are common findings in these populations.
  • While GMFCS levels were similar, BFMF was poorer in late preterm infants who experienced neonatal complications.