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Related Concept Videos

Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages01:30

Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages

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Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are specialized viruses that infect bacteria. A key characteristic of phages is their distinctive “head-tail” morphology. A phage begins the infection process (i.e., lytic cycle) by attaching to the outside of a bacterial cell. Attachment is accomplished via proteins in the phage tail that bind to specific receptor proteins on the outer surface of the bacterium. The tail injects the phage’s DNA genome into the bacterial cytoplasm. In the...
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Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

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Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
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DNA Bacteriophages01:26

DNA Bacteriophages

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Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria, utilizing their genetic material to hijack host cellular machinery for replication. DNA bacteriophages employ single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) or double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genomes. These phages exhibit diverse replication strategies and host interactions, influencing their ecological roles and applications in biotechnology and medicine.ssDNA BacteriophagesssDNA phages, with their small genomes, utilize unique strategies to...
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Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages00:43

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In contrast to the lytic cycle, phages infecting bacteria via the lysogenic cycle do not immediately kill their host cell. Instead, they combine their genome with the host genome, allowing the bacteria to replicate the phage DNA along with the bacterial genome. The incorporated copy of the phage genome is called the prophage. Some prophages can re-activate and enter the lytic cycle. This often occurs in response to a perturbation, such as DNA damage, but can also transpire in the absence of...
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Gene Therapy00:59

Gene Therapy

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Gene therapy is a technique where a gene is inserted into a person’s cells to prevent or treat a serious disease. The added gene may be a healthy version of the gene that is mutated in the patient, or it could be a different gene that inactivates or compensates for the patient’s disease-causing gene. For example, in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) due to a mutation in the gene for the enzyme adenosine deaminase, a functioning version of the gene can be...
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A Phage Therapy Guide for Clinicians and Basic Scientists: Background and Highlighting Applications for Developing

Ali Khalid1,2, Ruby C Y Lin1,2,3, Jonathan R Iredell1,2,4

  • 1Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

Frontiers in Microbiology
|March 1, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bacteriophage therapy offers a cost-effective solution for antibiotic-resistant infections in developing nations. This approach leverages locally sourced phages to combat prevalent bacterial diseases, addressing critical unmet needs.

Keywords:
antibiotic resistancebacteriophagedeveloping countriesdisease burdenmortality

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Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Antimicrobial Resistance

Background:

  • The 10/90 Gap highlights underfunded research for diseases prevalent in low-income countries.
  • Antibiotic-resistant infections pose significant threats to healthcare and economies in developing nations.
  • The global antibiotic resistance crisis exacerbates unmet medical needs in these regions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the potential of bacteriophage therapy as an alternative treatment for bacterial infections in developing countries.
  • To discuss how phage therapy can overcome economic barriers to accessing effective medicines.
  • To explore the feasibility of implementing phage therapy in resource-limited settings.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing clinical experience and research in bacteriophage therapy.
  • Analysis of clinical trial data related to phage therapy efficacy.
  • Discussion of phage sourcing and processing in local contexts.

Main Results:

  • Phage therapy presents a viable and economically accessible alternative to traditional antimicrobials.
  • Local sourcing and processing of phages can reduce treatment costs.
  • Phage therapy shows promise in reducing the burden of key bacterial infections in developing countries.

Conclusions:

  • Bacteriophage therapy is a promising, cost-effective strategy to combat antibiotic resistance in developing countries.
  • Implementing phage therapy can address critical healthcare needs and improve access to treatment.
  • Further research and clinical trials are essential to fully realize the potential of phage therapy globally.