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Proteinaceous Hydrogels for Bioengineering Advanced 3D Tumor Models.

Barbara Blanco-Fernandez1,2, Vítor M Gaspar1, Elisabeth Engel2,3,4

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Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|March 1, 2021
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Summary

Biomimetic hydrogels create realistic tumor microenvironments for drug discovery. These advanced 3D models improve preclinical testing of anticancer therapeutics by mimicking the extracellular matrix (ECM).

Keywords:
3D in vitro modelscancershydrogelspeptidesproteins

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Cancer Biology
  • Drug Discovery

Background:

  • The tumor microenvironment (TME) is crucial for cancer progression and therapeutic response.
  • Current in vitro models often fail to replicate the complex TME, including the extracellular matrix (ECM).
  • There is a high demand for biomimetic in vitro models that recapitulate key tumor hallmarks for preclinical drug validation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the current landscape of intrinsically bioactive protein and peptide hydrogels for 3D tumor modeling.
  • To highlight the importance of recreating the tumor microenvironment and considerations for generating ECM-mimetic 3D hydrogel models.
  • To provide a comprehensive discussion on protein, peptide, or hybrid ECM-mimetic platforms for modeling cancer cell/stroma interactions and preclinical therapy evaluation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on protein and peptide hydrogels for 3D tumor modeling.
  • Discussion of the biochemical and biophysical properties of ECM-mimetic hydrogels.
  • Analysis of platforms used for modeling cancer cell-stroma cross-talk and preclinical therapy screening.

Main Results:

  • ECM-mimetic hydrogels are widely explored for 3D in vitro disease modeling due to their adaptable bioactive properties.
  • Protein and peptide hydrogels offer promising platforms for mimicking the native tumor ECM.
  • These hydrogels can be tuned to incorporate specific biophysical and biomolecular cues relevant to the TME.

Conclusions:

  • Further development of tunable, proteinaceous or peptide 3D microtesting platforms is essential.
  • These advanced platforms will better mimic in vivo scenarios, improving the predictability of preclinical screening.
  • Enhanced biomimetic models are key to accelerating the discovery and validation of more effective anticancer therapeutics.