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Comparative in vitro effectiveness of ceftolozane/tazobactam against pediatric gram-negative drug-resistant isolates

Neena Kanwar1,2, Dithi Banerjee1,2, Christopher J Harrison3,4

  • 1Children's Mercy, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA.

Journal of Chemotherapy (Florence, Italy)
|March 1, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Ceftolozane/tazobactam showed high in-vitro activity against pediatric Gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae resistant to common antibiotics. This combination therapy is a promising option for treating infections caused by these challenging pathogens.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant (ESC-R) and carbapenem-resistant (CR) Gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae pose a significant threat in pediatric healthcare settings.
  • Limited effective treatment options exist for infections caused by these multidrug-resistant organisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the in-vitro activity of ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T) against a collection of pediatric ESC-R/CR Gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae.
  • To compare the efficacy of C/T with other antimicrobial agents.

Main Methods:

  • A total of 299 pediatric isolates of ESC-R/CR Gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae were collected from three U.S. pediatric centers.
  • Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using microbroth dilution with custom Sensititre plates and interpreted using CLSI 2017 and EUCAST 2019 breakpoint criteria.

Main Results:

  • Overall, 87.5% of the isolates were susceptible to C/T, with MIC50/90 values of 0.25/4 μg/ml.
  • C/T demonstrated high susceptibility rates for E. coli (91%) and Klebsiella spp. (73.3%).
  • Ceftolozane/tazobactam exhibited greater susceptibility compared to most tested agents, except for colistin (95.4%) and meropenem (97.4%).

Conclusions:

  • Ceftolozane/tazobactam possesses potent in-vitro activity against a broad range of beta-lactam resistant pediatric Enterobacteriaceae.
  • C/T represents a valuable therapeutic option for managing infections caused by these difficult-to-treat Gram-negative pathogens in children and adolescents.

Keywords:
Antimicrobial susceptibilityEnterobacteriaceaeMICantimicrobialsceftolozane/tazobactampediatric

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