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Opioid stewardship is crucial after head and neck surgery. Female sex, younger age, smoking, and higher inpatient opioid doses predict inadequate postoperative pain control, suggesting targeted interventions.

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Area of Science:

  • Surgery
  • Pain Management
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Postoperative prescription narcotics pose risks for opioid abuse.
  • Effective opioid stewardship is essential, particularly after head and neck surgeries.
  • Identifying patients at risk for poor pain control is critical for optimizing care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review opioid utilization patterns in urban head and neck surgery patients.
  • To identify risk factors associated with inadequate postoperative pain control.

Main Methods:

  • A case series with planned chart review was conducted.
  • Data from 215 head and neck surgery patients (2015-2018) were analyzed.
  • Risk factors for inadequate pain control were assessed using statistical comparisons.

Main Results:

  • Female sex, younger age, current smoking status, and higher inpatient opioid doses (MMEs) were linked to inadequate pain control.
  • Sixteen patients experienced inadequate pain control.
  • Key patient demographics and surgery types were documented.

Conclusions:

  • Female patients, younger individuals, smokers, and those requiring higher inpatient opioid doses are at increased risk for poorly managed postoperative pain.
  • These patient groups may benefit from enhanced education, earlier follow-up, and multimodal nonopioid pain management strategies.