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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 15, 2025

Isolating Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and CD4+ T cells from Sézary Syndrome Patients for Transcriptomic Profiling
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Blinatumomab-induced T cell activation at single cell transcriptome resolution.

Yi Huo1,2, Zhen Sheng1,2, Daniel R Lu3

  • 1Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory for Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, RuiJin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Building 11, No. 197, Ruijin No.2 Rd, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China.

BMC Genomics
|March 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Blinatumomab activates T cells to fight B-ALL cancer. This study reveals TNFSF4 as a key factor in treatment response and resistance, suggesting it as a target for combination therapy.

Keywords:
Acute B cell lymphoblastic leukemiaBi-specific T-cell engager antibodyBlinatumomabSingle-cell RNA-SeqT cell activationTNFRSF4

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Bi-specific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibodies, like blinatumomab, are crucial for cancer immunotherapy by linking T cells and cancer cells.
  • Blinatumomab activates T cells to kill malignant B cells, but T-cell responses and resistance mechanisms are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate T-cell activation and transcriptional changes induced by blinatumomab.
  • To identify mechanisms of blinatumomab resistance in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL).

Main Methods:

  • Single-cell RNA sequencing was employed on T cells from a human cell line model and patient samples.
  • Transcriptional profiles of over 17,920 single T cells were analyzed post-blinatumomab treatment.

Main Results:

  • Blinatumomab activated various T-cell subtypes, including CD8+ effector memory, CD4+ central memory, naïve, and regulatory T cells.
  • Upregulated pathways included immune response, glycolysis, and interferon signaling; co-stimulatory (TNFRSF4) and co-inhibitory (LAG3) receptors were also upregulated.
  • B-ALL cell expression of TNFSF4 correlated positively with blinatumomab treatment response, and recombinant TNFSF4 enhanced blinatumomab's cytotoxic activity.

Conclusions:

  • Blinatumomab induces target cell-dependent T-cell activation.
  • TNFSF4 is implicated in blinatumomab resistance and represents a potential target for combination therapy in B-ALL and other B-cell malignancies.