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The Effect of Charging and Discharging Lithium Iron Phosphate-graphite Cells at Different Temperatures on Degradation
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Graphite-Embedded Lithium Iron Phosphate for High-Power-Energy Cathodes.

Fan Li1, Ran Tao1, Xinyi Tan1

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.

Nano Letters
|March 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary

We developed a new lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4)/graphite composite for advanced lithium-ion batteries. This material offers high capacity, exceptional rate capability, and long cycle life for electric vehicles.

Keywords:
high-power−energy cathodelithium iron phosphate−graphite compositelithium-ion batteriesmolten salt infiltration

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) is a cost-effective cathode material for lithium-ion batteries.
  • Its widespread application is hindered by poor ionic and electronic conductivity, limiting rate performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize LiFePO4/graphite composites to enhance battery performance.
  • To overcome the conductivity limitations of LiFePO4 for high-power applications.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of LiFePO4 nanoparticles within a porous, conductive graphite matrix.
  • Fabrication and testing of high-mass-loading electrodes using the composite material.

Main Results:

  • Achieved high reversible capacity of 160 mA h g-1 at 0.2 C.
  • Demonstrated ultrahigh rate capability with 107 mA h g-1 at 60 C.
  • Exhibited outstanding cycle performance with >95% capacity retention over 2000 cycles.

Conclusions:

  • The LiFePO4/graphite composite offers a promising strategy for low-cost, long-life, high-power batteries.
  • Electrodes achieved a volumetric energy density of 427 W h L-1 at 60 C.
  • This material is highly relevant for electric vehicles and other demanding applications.