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Phenotypic technologies in stem cell biology.

J Jeya Vandana1, Lauretta A Lacko2, Shuibing Chen2

  • 1Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, The Rockefeller University, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High-throughput phenotypic screening (HTPS) identifies small molecules that control stem cell functions, aiding in disease modeling and drug discovery. This review highlights HTPS applications in stem cell renewal, differentiation, and in vivo studies.

Keywords:
disease modelingdrug screeningstem cell fatestem cell nichetarget identification

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Drug Discovery

Background:

  • High-throughput phenotypic screening (HTPS) is a powerful technology for identifying bioactive small molecules.
  • Stem cell research requires methods to precisely control cell fate for therapeutic and research applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diverse applications of HTPS in stem cell biology.
  • To highlight the role of HTPS in discovering small molecules for stem cell renewal, reprogramming, differentiation, and lineage conversion.
  • To discuss the use of HTPS in identifying molecules that mimic the stem cell niche and in whole-animal models.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies employing HTPS in stem cell research.
  • Analysis of HTPS applications in stem cell fate regulation (renewal, reprogramming, differentiation, lineage conversion).
  • Examination of HTPS for discovering niche-mimicking molecules and in vivo stem cell studies.

Main Results:

  • HTPS has successfully identified small molecules that regulate various stem cell processes.
  • HTPS is utilized to discover molecules that mimic the stem cell extracellular niche.
  • Applications extend to whole-animal models for in vivo stem cell regulation.
  • HTPS aids in stem cell-based disease modeling and drug discovery for cancer, diabetes, and infectious diseases.

Conclusions:

  • HTPS provides essential tools for advancing stem cell biology and regenerative medicine.
  • HTPS facilitates the generation of functional cells/tissues for therapy and drug screening.
  • HTPS aids in understanding molecular mechanisms underlying physiological and pathological processes in stem cells.