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Related Concept Videos

Spinal Nerves: Plexus I01:22

Spinal Nerves: Plexus I

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Nerve plexuses are networks of interlacing nerves that serve as communication hubs to distribute and organize nerve action across various body regions. The nerve plexuses are organized into the cervical plexus located in the neck region, brachial plexus in the shoulder area, lumbar plexus found in the lower back, sacral plexus situated in the pelvis, and coccygeal plexus located in the coccygeal region.
The Cervical Plexus
The cervical plexus, formed by the anterior rami of the first four...
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Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna01:15

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The ulna and radius are parallel bones of the antebrachium or the forearm. The ulna lies medially and consists of a bony tip called the olecranon process at its proximal end. This hook-like projection articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and forms the "hinged" ulnohumeral part of the elbow joint. This joint facilitates forearm extension and flexion while preventing its hyperextension. Similarly, the coronoid process, another bony projection on the proximal/anterior side...
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Updated: Nov 15, 2025

Surgical Treatment of an Endolymphatic Sac Tumor
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Extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma attached to the ulnar nerve: A case report.

Tomohiko Sakuda1, Taisuke Furuta1, Muhammad Phetrus Johan2

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.

International Journal of Surgery Case Reports
|March 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma (EES) of the upper extremity is rare and can mimic benign tumors in adults. Accurate diagnosis of EES involving the ulnar nerve is crucial for effective treatment and avoiding harmful therapies.

Keywords:
Extraskeletal Ewing sarcomaExtremityMalignancySmall massUlnar nerve

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma (EES) is a rare malignancy.
  • Cases involving the upper extremity, particularly the ulnar nerve, are exceptionally uncommon.

Observation:

  • A 65-year-old woman presented with a recurrent EES of the right elbow, initially misdiagnosed as a schwannoma.
  • The tumor involved the ulnar nerve, leading to initial marginal excision.
  • Histological examination revealed monotonous small round cells.

Findings:

  • EES in adults is often smaller and can mimic benign tumors, complicating diagnosis.
  • While common fusion genes (EWSR1-FLI-1, CIC-DUX4) were negative, other translocations may be present, not excluding Ewing sarcoma family diagnosis.
  • Overlapping histopathological features necessitate advanced diagnostic methods like immunohistochemistry and cytogenetics.

Implications:

  • Early and accurate diagnosis of EES involving the ulnar nerve is critical.
  • Comprehensive management strategies are essential to improve outcomes and prevent disease progression.
  • Avoiding misdiagnosis prevents potentially harmful surgical interventions and ensures appropriate oncologic treatment.