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Updated: Nov 15, 2025
Author Spotlight: Development of an Enhanced Protocol for Rapid and Accurate Isolation of Campylobacter from Food Products
Published on: February 23, 2024
Isolation, host specificity and genetic characterization of Campylobacter specific bacteriophages from poultry and
Ibai Nafarrate1, Estibaliz Mateo2, Katherine Miranda-Cadena1
1AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160, Derio, Spain.
Abstract:
The isolation and characterization of 304 Campylobacter specific bacteriophage isolates from broiler and swine sources is reported in this study. Genome size characterization determined by PFGE classified these isolates,called CAM1-CAM304, within the campylophages group II (n = 18) and group III (n = 286). Host range analyses showed a high host specificity and similar lytic spectrum among isolates of the same group. Campylophages of group II infected C. jejuni, C. coli and even a C. fetus strain whereas those of group III only infected C. jejuni strains. The most promising 59 campylophage candidates were selected according to their lytic activity and their genetic diversity was analyzed by RFLP using SmiI and HhaI endonucleases for group II and III campylophages, respectively. Moreover, RAPD-PCR technique was for the first time assessed in the genetic characterization of campylophages and it was shown to be effective only for those of group II. Bacteriophage isolates grouped in a same genotype displayed different host ranges, therefore, 13 campylophages of group II and eight of group III were differentiated considering all the approaches assayed. An in-depth analysis of these bacteriophages will be performed to confirm their promising potential for the biocontrol of Campylobacter within the farm to fork process.
Insights
This study isolated 304 Campylobacter bacteriophages, classifying them into two groups. Promising candidates were identified for potential biocontrol of Campylobacter in food production.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Virology
- Food Safety
Background:
- Campylobacter is a significant foodborne pathogen.
- Bacteriophages offer a potential alternative for controlling Campylobacter infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To isolate and characterize Campylobacter-specific bacteriophages.
- To evaluate their potential for biocontrol applications.
Main Methods:
- Isolation from broiler and swine sources.
- Genome size characterization using PFGE.
- Host range and lytic activity analysis.
- Genetic diversity assessment via RFLP and RAPD-PCR.
Main Results:
- 304 bacteriophage isolates were classified into Group II (18) and Group III (286).
- Group II phages infected C. jejuni, C. coli, and C. fetus; Group III phages infected only C. jejuni.
- Genetic analysis differentiated 13 Group II and 8 Group III campylophages based on multiple approaches.
Conclusions:
- Bacteriophage isolates show high host specificity and potential for Campylobacter biocontrol.
- Further research is needed to confirm their efficacy in farm-to-fork food safety strategies.
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