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Updated: Jul 26, 2026
Measuring 3D In-vivo Shoulder Kinematics using Biplanar Videoradiography
Published on: March 12, 2021
X-ray-free protocol for pectus deformities based on magnetic resonance imaging and a low-cost portable
Marc-Samir Guillot1, Aymeric Rouchaud1, Charbel Mounayer1
1Department of Radiology, Limoges University Hospital, Limoges, France.
Objectives:
To compare a standard protocol using chest computed tomography (CT) to a non-irradiant protocol involving a low-cost portable 3D scanner and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for all pectus deformities based on the Haller index (HI).
Methods:
From April 2019 to March 2020, all children treated for pectus excavatum or carinatum at our institution were evaluated by chest CT, 3D scanning (iPad with Structure Sensor and Captevia-Rodin4D) and MRI. The main objectives were to compare the HI determined by CT or MRI to a derived index evaluated with 3D scanning, the external Haller index (EHI). The secondary objectives were to assess the inter-rater variability and the concordance between CT and MRI for the HI and the correction index.
Results:
Eleven patients were evaluated. We identified a strong correlation between the HI with MRI and the EHI (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.900; P < 0.001), with a strong concordance between a radiologist and a non-radiologist using intra-class correlation for the HI with MRI (intra-class correlation coefficient = 0.995; [0.983; 0.999]) and the EHI (intra-class correlation coefficient = 0.978; [0.823; 0.995]). We also identified a marked correlation between the HI with CT and the EHI (Pearson coefficient = 0.855; P = 0.002), with a strong inter-rater concordance (intra-class correlation coefficient = 0.975; [0.901; 0.993]), a reliable concordance between CT and MRI for the HI and the correction index (Pearson coefficient = 0.886; P = 0.033).
Conclusions:
Non-irradiant pectus deformity assessment is possible in clinical practice, replacing CT with MRI and 3D scanning as a possible readily-accessible monitoring tool.
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