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Longitudinal changes in muscle power compared to muscle strength and mass
Sabine Wiegmann1, Dieter Felsenberg1, Gabriele Armbrecht1
1Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Radiology, Germany.
Journal of Musculoskeletal & Neuronal Interactions
|March 4, 2021
Summary
Muscle power, measured by the two-leg jump test (2LJP), declines earlier than grip strength or muscle mass, highlighting its importance for early sarcopenia detection in aging adults.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Exercise Physiology
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Sarcopenia, characterized by age-related loss of muscle mass and strength, poses significant health risks.
- Early identification of muscular changes is crucial for effective sarcopenia diagnosis and treatment.
- Longitudinal studies are essential to understand the progression of age-related muscle decline.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate longitudinal changes in grip strength, muscle mass, and lower extremity muscle power.
- To identify early indicators of muscular decline associated with aging.
- To inform the diagnosis and treatment strategies for sarcopenia.
Main Methods:
- Grip strength, muscle mass, and muscle power were assessed in 318 healthy adults aged 20-90.
- Muscle power was measured using the two-leg jump test (2LJP) on the Leonardo Mechanograph®.
- Longitudinal changes were analyzed using paired t-tests and Analysis of Variance.
Main Results:
- The two-leg jump test (2LJP) showed significant declines starting in younger adults (20-39 years).
- Muscle power (2LJP) exhibited earlier and more pronounced declines compared to grip strength and muscle mass.
- The oldest age group demonstrated the highest annual loss in muscle power.
Conclusions:
- Muscle power assessment, particularly using the 2LJP, is vital for detecting early signs of aging-related muscle loss.
- These findings underscore the importance of incorporating muscle power metrics into sarcopenia screening.
- Early identification of muscle power decline can lead to timely interventions and improved health outcomes in older adults.
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