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Nitrogen and Stem Development: A Puzzle Still to Be Solved.

Lucas Anjos Souza¹, Rafael Tavares²

¹Innovation Centre in Bioenergy and Grains, Goiano Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology, Goiás, Brazil.

Frontiers in Plant Science

|March 4, 2021

Summary

Nitrogen fertilizer use in crops is high. Understanding how nitrogen signals affect plant stem development can help find new semi-dwarf varieties that use nitrogen efficiently for sustainable farming.

Keywords:

high crop yield internode elongation nitrogen fertilizer nitrogen use efficiency stem development

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Area of Science:

Agricultural Science
Plant Genetics
Agronomy

Background:

High crop yields often depend on high nitrogen (N) fertilizer application.
Sustainable agriculture necessitates efficient N management through precision technologies and advanced crop genetics.
Semi-dwarf crop varieties, while improving harvest index, can exhibit reduced N uptake, leading to N fertilizer overuse.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advances in understanding how nitrogen signals influence stem development in crops.
To explore the potential for identifying novel semi-dwarf alleles with improved N uptake and minimal pleiotropic effects.
To bridge the gap between genetic advancements and efficient N management in sustainable farming systems.

Main Methods:

Literature review of recent scientific publications.
Analysis of studies on nitrogen signaling pathways in plants.
Examination of genetic factors influencing stem architecture and N-uptake.

Main Results:

Nitrogen signals play a crucial role in both early and late stages of stem development.
Reduced stature in crops can negatively impact nitrogen uptake efficiency.
Identifying specific genetic mechanisms offers a pathway to developing improved semi-dwarf varieties.

Conclusions:

A deeper understanding of N signaling in stem development is essential for optimizing crop genetics.
Developing semi-dwarf alleles with enhanced N-uptake is key to reducing fertilizer overuse and promoting sustainable agriculture.
This review highlights the need for integrated approaches combining genetics and precision technology for efficient N management.