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Septoria blotch epidemic process on spring wheat varieties
E Yu Toropova1, O A Kazakova1, V V Piskarev2
1Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, Novosibirsk, Russia All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, r. p. Bolshie Vyazemy, Odintsovo district, Moscow region, Russia.
Septoria blotch significantly impacts spring wheat in Siberia, reducing yields by up to 50%. This study identified key pathogens like Parastagonospora nodorum and evaluated varietal resistance and seed transmission to manage this economically important disease.
Area of Science:
- Plant Pathology
- Agronomy
- Genetics
Background:
- Septoria blotch is a major economically significant disease affecting spring wheat in the Siberian region.
- Resistant varieties are crucial for managing Septoria blotch by slowing pathogen reproduction and disease development.
- Understanding pathogen species composition and distribution is vital for effective disease control strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the species composition of Septoria blotch pathogens in West Siberian spring wheat varieties.
- To analyze the epiphytotic process of Septoria blotch on wheat leaves and ears.
- To assess the seed transmission efficiency of Parastagonospora nodorum.
Main Methods:
- Field studies were conducted from 2016-2018 using generally accepted methodologies.
- Species composition of Septoria pathogens was identified across different regions and wheat varieties.
- Disease incidence on leaves and ears was differentiated, and seed transmission rates of P. nodorum were evaluated.
Main Results:
- Septoria leaf and ear blotch is widespread in West Siberia and Trans-Urals, causing yield losses up to 50% and reduced grain quality.
- The primary causal agents identified were Parastagonospora nodorum, Septoria tritici, and Parastagonospora avenae f. sp. triticae, with varying regional and varietal prevalence.
- P. nodorum dominated in Novosibirsk Region, while Tyumen and Altai Krai showed more varied pathogen ratios. No wheat varieties were found immune, but differentiated resistance was observed.
- Seed infection by P. nodorum reached up to 7% in Siberian regions, influenced by August weather conditions, with highest transmission in Novosibirsk Region (7.6%) and lowest in Kurgan Region (2.1%).
Conclusions:
- The species composition of Septoria pathogens varies significantly across West Siberian regions and spring wheat varieties.
- Differentiated resistance to Septoria blotch exists among spring wheat varieties, suggesting potential for breeding resistant cultivars.
- Seed transmission of P. nodorum is a notable factor in disease spread, influenced by regional weather patterns, necessitating integrated management approaches.
