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Association between Hyperhomocysteinemia and Hypertensive Retinopathy in a Chinese Han Population
Ze-Long Zhong1,2,3, Jie Liu4
1Department of Vitreoretinopathy, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China.
Insights
Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is confirmed as an independent risk factor for hypertensive retinopathy (HR) in the Chinese Han population. Elevated homocysteine levels significantly increase the risk of developing HR.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Cardiology
- Metabolic Diseases
Background:
- Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is a known risk factor in various diseases.
- The association between HHcy and hypertensive retinopathy (HR) in the Chinese population requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the correlation between HHcy and the occurrence of HR in the Chinese population.
- To determine if HHcy is an independent risk factor for HR.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving 128 patients with HR and 128 control subjects.
- Multivariate logistic regression, interaction, and stratified analyses were employed.
- Data collected included patient demographics, medical history, and biochemical markers.
Main Results:
- HHcy was significantly associated with HR in univariate analysis.
- Each 1 μmol/L increase in homocysteine correlated with a 9% increased risk of HR (OR=1.09).
- While other factors like diabetes and cardiovascular disease were associated with HR, HHcy was identified as an independent risk factor.
Conclusions:
- HHcy is an independent risk factor for hypertensive retinopathy (HR) in the Chinese Han population.
- This finding highlights the importance of managing homocysteine levels for HR prevention.
Abstract:
Purpose/aim: In some diseases, hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) has been recognized as a risk factor. However, information on the correlation between HHcy and hypertensive retinopathy (HR) in the Chinese population is unclear. We, therefore, aimed to investigate this association.Materials and Methods: A total of 382 patients were collected and 126 individuals were excluded in this study. Finally, 128 patients with HR and 128 control subjects were enrolled sequentially. The association between HHcy and the occurrence of HR was determined by multivariate logistic regression analysis, including interaction and stratified analyses.Results: HHcy, cardiovascular disease, fasting blood glucose, creatinine, triglyceride, diabetes, smoking habits, drinking habits were significantly associated with HR (P < .05) in the univariate logistic regression analysis. Each increase of 1 μmol/L of homocysteine concentration was significantly correlated with a 9% increased risk of HR (odds ratio [OR] = 1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07-1.55, P < .05). Hierarchical analysis identified history of diabetes (OR = 7.38, P > .05), age ≥60 years (OR = 3.08, P > .05), male sex (OR = 1.04, P > .05), history of cardiovascular disease (OR = 7.88, P > .05), smoking habit (OR = 1.08, P > .05), and drinking habit (OR = 78.31, P > .05), as factors associated with HR, but not as independent risk factors for HR. Interaction analysis demonstrated no interaction between HHcy and HR.Conclusions: Within the Chinese Han population, HHcy is an independent risk factor for HR.
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