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Prognostic factors of 90-day mortality in patients hospitalised with COVID-19

Christian Brieghel1, Peter Ellekvist, Marie Louise Lund

  • 1christian.brieghel@regionh.dk.

Danish Medical Journal
|March 4, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Prognostic factors for COVID-19 mortality include age, comorbidities, abnormal blood tests, and oxygen needs. These factors independently increase 90-day mortality risk in hospitalized patients.

Area of Science:

  • Internal Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • COVID-19 disproportionately affects elderly patients with comorbidities.
  • Accurate prognostication for COVID-19 remains a significant clinical challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess 90-day mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
  • To identify predictors of mortality including comorbidities, biochemical markers, and oxygen requirements.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of a consecutive single-center cohort of 263 hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19.
  • Stratification of 90-day mortality based on comorbidities, biochemical markers, and oxygen support.
  • Multivariable analysis to determine independent predictors of mortality.

Main Results:

  • Overall 90-day mortality was 29%; ICU mortality was 35%.
  • Independent predictors of increased 90-day mortality included advancing age, higher Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score, increased number of abnormal blood tests, and greater supplemental oxygen requirement.
  • Alcohol abuse, liver disease, and elevated urea were associated with mortality in univariable analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Hospitalized COVID-19 patients face a significant 90-day mortality risk.
  • Age, comorbidities, laboratory abnormalities, and oxygen support are independent prognostic indicators for mortality.
  • ICU mortality was lower than anticipated, suggesting effective critical care management.
Abstract

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