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[Pediatric tuberculous peritonitis. Case report].

Daniela Arriagada¹, Megan Neumann², Alejandro Donoso¹

¹Unidad de Paciente Crítico Pediátrico, Hospital Clínico Dra, Santiago, Chile.

Revista Chilena De Infectologia : Organo Oficial De La Sociedad Chilena De Infectologia

|March 4, 2021

Summary

Tuberculous peritonitis is rare in children, often presenting with vague symptoms like abdominal pain and fever. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent severe outcomes in pediatric tuberculosis cases.

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Area of Science:

Pediatrics
Infectious Diseases
Gastroenterology

Background:

Tuberculous peritonitis is a rare extrapulmonary form of tuberculosis, particularly in infants.
Nonspecific symptoms such as ascites, abdominal pain, fever, and weight loss often delay diagnosis.
Delayed diagnosis and treatment increase morbidity and mortality in pediatric tuberculosis.

Observation:

A 14-year-old patient presented with ascites and fever, without prior disease or pulmonary tuberculosis.
Laparoscopy revealed multiple peritoneal nodules suggestive of tuberculous peritonitis.
Diagnosis was confirmed through culture and molecular testing.

Findings:

The patient received antituberculosis treatment.
The patient recovered satisfactorily after completing treatment.

Implications:

Highlights the importance of considering tuberculous peritonitis in pediatric patients with unexplained abdominal symptoms.
Emphasizes the need for prompt diagnostic workup, including laparoscopy and microbiological confirmation.
Successful treatment outcomes underscore the efficacy of timely antituberculosis therapy in pediatric cases.