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Pleura of the Lungs

Pleura of the Lungs

The lungs are nestled in a cavity, shielded by the pleura. The pleura, a form of serous membrane, wraps around each lung. This membrane arrangement consists of two layers: the visceral and parietal pleurae. The visceral pleura lines the surface of the lungIn contrast, the parietal pleura is the outer layer and contacts to the thoracic wall, the mediastinum, and the diaphragm. The hilum is the point of connection between the visceral and parietal layers. The space between the parietal and...

Gross Anatomy of the Lungs

Gross Anatomy of the Lungs

The lungs are a pair of vital organs connected to the trachea via the left and right bronchi. The base of these organs meets the dome-shaped muscle known as the diaphragm. Encased by the pleurae, the lungs contact the mediastinum. The right lung is shorter yet wider, and has a larger volume than the left lung. The left lung has an indentation known as the cardiac notch. The superior region of the lungs is referred to as the apex, whereas the base is the lower region near the diaphragm. The...

Pneumothorax-I

Pneumothorax-I

A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
Pneumothorax can be even further classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and tension pneumothorax.

Pneumothorax-II

Pneumothorax-II

Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 15, 2025

Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition

Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition

Published on: March 3, 2023

Revising the classification of lung sequestrations.

Leonor Alamo¹, Sarah Saltiel², Estelle Tenisch¹

¹Unit of Pediatric Radiology, Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.

Clinical Imaging

|March 4, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Nearly half of lung sequestrations do not fit the classic intra- or extralobar classification. Detailed anatomical descriptions are more clinically relevant than rigid categorization for these congenital lung anomalies.

Keywords:

Chest contrast-enhanced computed tomography Congenital lung anomalies Lung sequestrations Systemic arterial supply

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Last Updated: Nov 15, 2025

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Area of Science:

Pediatric Radiology
Thoracic Surgery
Congenital Anomalies

Background:

Lung sequestrations are classified as intralobar or extralobar based on pleural investment and venous drainage.
This traditional classification may not accurately represent the diverse anatomical features observed in clinical practice.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the proportion of lung sequestrations that deviate from the classic intra- and extralobar definitions.
To assess the accuracy of the current classification system for lung sequestrations.

Main Methods:

Retrospective review of 25 pediatric cases of lung sequestration over 10 years.
Analysis of contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) chest scans by senior pediatric radiologists.
Comparison of imaging, surgical, and pathological findings with established classification criteria.

Main Results:

Only 52% of lung sequestrations perfectly matched the classic intra- or extralobar criteria.
48% exhibited discrepancies, including incomplete independent pleura, mixed arterial supply/venous drainage, airway connections, and coexistent congenital lung anomalies.

Conclusions:

Lung sequestrations represent a spectrum of anomalies, challenging rigid intra- and extralobar categorization.
Detailed anatomical descriptions are more valuable for clinical and surgical management than the current classification.