Peptide-based electrochemical biosensors utilized for protein detection

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Analytical Chemistry
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• Protein biomarkers are crucial for diagnosing diseases.
• Electrochemical biosensors offer sensitive, rapid, point-of-care detection.
• Peptides provide stable and selective biorecognition for biosensors.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review peptide-based electrochemical biosensors (PBEBs) for protein biomarker detection over the past decade.
• To categorize PBEBs based on target protein types: enzymes, antibodies, and others.
• To discuss sensing mechanisms, electrochemical methods, and practical applications.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of PBEBs for protein detection.
• Categorization of biosensors by target protein (enzymes, antibodies, others).
• Analysis of sensing mechanisms (peptide cleavage, phosphorylation, affinity interactions).

Main Results:

• PBEBs demonstrate high sensitivity and selectivity for various protein biomarkers.
• Different sensing strategies are employed based on protein type and electrochemical detection methods.
• The review covers advancements in sensor construction, modification, and immobilization.

Conclusions:

• PBEBs are a promising alternative for sensitive and selective protein biomarker detection.
• Further development can enhance their practical application in point-of-care diagnostics.
• Continued research in PBEBs will advance early disease diagnosis and monitoring.