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Protocol for Recombinant RBD-based SARS Vaccines: Protein Preparation, Animal Vaccination and Neutralization Detection
Published on: May 2, 2011
Development of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines
1Unidad de Investigación de Medicina Basada en Evidencias, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico.
Background:
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has posed significant challenges globally. Continuous transmission of the virus is mostly due to insufficient infection control measures and a lack of vaccines. Therefore, this review aimed to identify and describe possible vaccines for the prevention of COVID-19.
Methods:
A systematic review of the scientific literature was performed through electronic searches of the main databases to identify published reports or studies on vaccines under development against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Websites from international organizations, institutes of health and research, Google, and references from identified studies were also reviewed. Studies examining the mechanisms of infection, immunopathology, and genomics were excluded.
Results:
A total of 141 vaccines in development against SARS-CoV-2 were identified. The technologies used include weakened and inactive viruses, viral vectors, nucleic acids, and proteins. So far, 13 vaccines (9.2%) are under clinical evaluation; only the AZD1222 vaccine is under clinical evaluation Phase II-III. Ad5-nCoV and mRNA-1273 vaccines showed to produce neutralizing antibodies and also to be safe.
Conclusions:
Despite efforts invested in developing SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, more research is still required. The vaccine developers, international health organizations, and the decision-makers of health policies must carry out conjunct cooperation to face the different challenges and guarantee the development of an effective vaccine.
Insights
This review identified 141 COVID-19 vaccines in development, using various technologies. While some show promise, continued research and global cooperation are crucial for effective SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development.
Area of Science:
- Vaccinology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- The COVID-19 pandemic presents global health challenges due to ongoing SARS-CoV-2 transmission.
- Insufficient infection control and a lack of vaccines contribute to the pandemic's persistence.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and describe potential vaccines for preventing COVID-19.
- To review the landscape of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review of scientific databases.
- Searches extended to international organizations, health institutes, and reference lists.
- Exclusion of studies on infection mechanisms, immunopathology, and genomics.
Main Results:
- 141 SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were identified, utilizing technologies like inactivated/weakened viruses, viral vectors, nucleic acids, and proteins.
- 13 vaccines (9.2%) are in clinical evaluation, with AZD1222 in Phase II-III.
- Ad5-nCoV and mRNA-1273 vaccines demonstrated safety and induced neutralizing antibodies.
Conclusions:
- Despite significant development efforts, further research is essential for effective SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
- Collaborative efforts among vaccine developers, international health organizations, and policymakers are vital.
- Addressing challenges is necessary to ensure the successful development of a viable COVID-19 vaccine.
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