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Related Concept Videos

Centrosome Duplication02:25

Centrosome Duplication

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The primary microtubule organizing center (MTOC) in animal cells is the centrosome. A centrosome has two cylindrical centrioles at its core. Each centriole consists of nine sets of three microtubules held together by proteins. The centrioles are positioned at right angles to each other and surrounded by a shapeless protein cloud called the pericentriolar matrix, or pericentriolar material (PCM).
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Most animal cells comprise a pair of centrioles together called a centrosome. The cell duplicates its centrosome and contains two centrosomes side-by-side, which begin to move apart during the prophase. As the centrosomes migrate to two different sides of the cell, microtubules start extending from each centrosome toward the other end. The mitotic spindle is composed of the centrosomes and their emerging microtubules.
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Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome01:36

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Eukaryotic cells use different mechanisms to eliminate toxic waste obsolete and worn-out substances. Lysosomes play a pivotal role in this, and hence, these substances are carried to the lysosome from other parts of the cell and extracellular space through different pathways. The most elaborately studied pathways to the lysosome are the endocytic pathways.
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Histone Variants at the Centromere02:30

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Histone variants are the histone proteins with structural and sequence variations. These variants may be regarded as “mutant” forms that replace their canonical histone counterparts in the nucleosomes. Specific post-translational modifications on the histone variants enable further chromatin complexity and regulate tissue-specific gene expression. The most common histone variants are from histone H2A, H2B, and linker histone H1 families. However, several variants of histone H3...
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Autophagy01:27

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Autophagy is a self-digesting process by which a cell protects itself from threats both within and outside the cell, ranging from abnormal proteins to invading bacteria. In this process, obsolete components of the cell and invading microbes are degraded by hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment of the lysosomal lumen.
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Phagocytosis00:41

Phagocytosis

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Cells pull particles inward and engulf them in spherical vesicles in an energy-requiring process called endocytosis. Phagocytosis (“cellular eating”) is one of three major types of endocytosis. Cells use phagocytosis to take in large objects—such as other cells (or their debris), bacteria, and even viruses.
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Quantitative Immunofluorescence Assay to Measure the Variation in Protein Levels at Centrosomes
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Quantitative Immunofluorescence Assay to Measure the Variation in Protein Levels at Centrosomes

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Centrosome-phagy: implications for human diseases.

Qi Wu1, Xin Yu1, Le Liu2

  • 1Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Ziyang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China.

Cell & Bioscience
|March 5, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Autophagy maintains cell balance by degrading damaged parts. A process called centrosome-phagy specifically removes centrosomes, and its defects link to diseases like cancer and aging.

Keywords:
AgingAutophagyCancerCentrosomeCiliopathies

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Autophagy is a key cellular process for maintaining homeostasis and responding to stress.
  • Centrosome integrity is crucial for cell proliferation, and aberrations are linked to various human disorders.
  • Centrosome-phagy, the selective degradation of centrosomes via autophagy, has recently been identified.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the molecular mechanisms triggering centrosome-phagy.
  • To explore the role of centrosome-phagy in human disorders.
  • To highlight the connection between autophagy defects, centrosome aberration, and disease.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on autophagy and centrosome biology.
  • Analysis of molecular pathways involved in centrosome degradation.
  • Correlation of centrosome-phagy defects with disease phenotypes.

Main Results:

  • Centrosome-phagy involves specific centrosomal proteins and autophagic pathways.
  • Defects in autophagy and subsequent centrosome aberration contribute to aging and diseases like ciliopathies and cancer.
  • Dysregulation of centrosome homeostasis through impaired centrosome-phagy is implicated in pathology.

Conclusions:

  • Centrosome-phagy is a vital process for maintaining cellular and organismal health.
  • Understanding centrosome-phagy offers insights into the pathogenesis of various human diseases.
  • Targeting centrosome-phagy pathways may hold therapeutic potential for diseases associated with centrosome dysfunction.