Electronic identification keys for species with cryptic morphological characters: a feasibility study using some...

Area of Science:

• Botany
• Taxonomy
• Biodiversity Informatics

Background:

• Electronic identification keys are increasingly popular but struggle with species exhibiting cryptic morphology.
• Cryptic morphology, characterized by small, variable, or complex features, poses challenges for traditional and digital identification tools.
• Accurate identification of species with cryptic morphology is crucial for resolving taxonomic impediments.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and evaluate best practices for presenting cryptic morphological characters in electronic identification keys.
• To assess the feasibility and effectiveness of an interactive photographic key for the taxonomically difficult genus *Thesium*.
• To provide guidelines for future electronic key development for species with cryptic morphology.

Main Methods:

• Selection of an appropriate software platform (Xper³).
• Construction of an interactive photographic identification key, focusing on character selection, description, and coding.
• Evaluation of the key's usability and effectiveness through user testing and expert review.

Main Results:

• Seventeen best practices for presenting cryptic morphological characters were identified.
• The pilot interactive key for *Thesium* demonstrated feasibility and effectiveness.
• The developed methodologies facilitate unambiguous illustration of cryptic features.

Conclusions:

• Electronic identification keys are viable tools for species with cryptic morphology when best practices are implemented.
• The study provides a framework for creating more accessible and accurate identification resources for challenging taxa.
• Improved identification tools can significantly reduce taxonomic impediments and support biodiversity research.