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Perspectives About Modulating Host Immune System in Targeting SARS-CoV-2 in India.

Sreyashi Majumdar1, Rohit Verma2, Avishek Saha3

  • 1Division of Bioinformatics, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India.

Frontiers in Genetics
|March 5, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review examines COVID-19 outcomes in India, comparing urban and rural disparities. It explores the role of immunity, comorbidities, and nutrition, and discusses alternative strategies beyond vaccines for disease containment.

Keywords:
CT scansSARS-CoV-2artificial intelligencegenetic variationshost immuno-modulationmedicinal plantsrepurposed drugsvaccines

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 requires global containment.
  • India's large, young population and high prevalence of comorbidities (diabetes, hypertension, kidney disease) pose unique challenges.
  • Vaccine efficacy in India is uncertain due to socioeconomic diversity and potential short-lived immunity, necessitating alternative strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze COVID-19 death/infection ratios in urban versus rural India.
  • To investigate the influence of the immune system, comorbidities, and nutritional status on COVID-19 mortality.
  • To explore alternative containment strategies, including masks, diagnostics, host-directed therapies, and leveraging India's unique strengths.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and data on COVID-19 infection and mortality rates in India.
  • Analysis of factors influencing disease outcomes, including demographic, clinical, and nutritional aspects.
  • Exploration of potential therapeutic and preventative strategies, including drug development and public health interventions.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in COVID-19 death/infection ratios between urban and rural India are observed.
  • Immune status, comorbidities, and nutritional factors likely play a crucial role in determining patient outcomes.
  • India possesses unique resources, such as medicinal plants and IT infrastructure, that can be leveraged for disease control.

Conclusions:

  • Alternative strategies beyond vaccination are essential for managing COVID-19 in India.
  • A multi-faceted approach considering immune status, comorbidities, nutrition, and leveraging national strengths is recommended.
  • Public health measures and targeted interventions are critical for effective containment across diverse Indian populations.