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The 'difficult' elderly patient: adjustment or maladjustment?

J English1, J M Morse

  • 1Emergency Service, Royal Jubilee Hospital, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.

International Journal of Nursing Studies
|January 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
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This study explores difficult patient behavior, finding it stems from unmet expectations and a desire for control. Nurses

Area of Science:

  • Nursing
  • Sociology
  • Psychology

Background:

  • The concept of the 'difficult' patient presents a persistent challenge in healthcare settings.
  • Understanding patient behavior requires exploring multiple perspectives to identify underlying causes and effective interventions.
  • Existing literature often lacks a comprehensive model integrating patient and nurse viewpoints on difficult patient encounters.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the phenomenon of the 'difficult' patient using simultaneous triangulation.
  • To develop an explanatory model of difficult patient behavior by integrating diverse data sources.
  • To enhance understanding of patient-nurse interactions in challenging clinical situations.

Main Methods:

  • Simultaneous triangulation approach combining ethnoscience, ethnographic interviews, and content analysis.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Ethnoscience used to capture nurses' perceptions of difficult patient types.
  • Ethnographic interviews elicited patients' perspectives on their hospitalization experiences.
  • Content analysis of 42 vignettes from nursing magazines detailing difficult patient scenarios and resolutions.
  • Main Results:

    • A model was developed explaining difficult behavior as a response to unmet patient expectations.
    • Patients' attempts to maintain personal control during hospitalization were identified as a key factor.
    • Nurses' responses aimed at regaining control often exacerbated the situation.

    Conclusions:

    • Difficult patient behavior is often rooted in patients' unmet expectations and their efforts to assert control.
    • Healthcare providers' reactions can inadvertently escalate challenging patient interactions.
    • An integrated model provides a framework for understanding and addressing difficult patient behaviors more effectively.